hisoka

hello thanks

but why it omitted the leading zeros

a hex digit is represented by four bits . This hex number 235 has 3 digits . When converted to binary , it gives 1000110101 which are 10 bits

if a hex digit is represented by four bits so why I do not  get 12 bits as a result ?

I found them nowhere . I invented them myself and I asked if there is a method to know how the digits should be separated . The reason why I asked it is to know how to change a series of  hex concatenated numbers to decimal numbers . If I want to change this :

2c65751cfbb60ffc849486c432021f613534a1357b26201eea40352588da81c192abde2013ea8f49b21528121ff49ef3cdb7d482020c120ac2838beafed2c62dcecda7e2cedfb70f4ea4938287c201a57a510fa7b65b9325d9e4fc20225d

to decimals numbers without knowing that it is a series of concatenated hex numbers , how will my result be correct ? my result will be wrong . In order for the conversion to be correct i need to know how the digits should be separated . It is not that you always have a source of information or a documentation that describes how should things go . Sometimes you have no source  and you get a series of hex numbers concatenated together so you need to know how the digits should be separated  in order to change them correctly . If I am wrong , please feel free to correct me

Best regards

this hex number :

2c65751cfbb60ffc849486c432021f613534a1357b26201eea40352588da81c192abde2013ea8f49b21528121ff49ef3cdb7d482020c120ac2838beafed2c62dcecda7e2cedfb70f4ea4938287c201a57a510fa7b65b9325d9e4fc20225d

is in fact a concatenation of many hex numbers that are separated with a white space :

2c6 57 51 cf bb 60 ff c8 49 48 6c 43 2021 f6 13 53 4a 13 5 7b 26 201e ea 40 35 2 58 8d a8 1c 192 ab de 2013 ea 8f 49 b2 152 81 21 ff 49 ef 3c db 7d 48 2020 c1 20ac 28 38 be af ed 2c6 2dc ec da 7e 2c ed fb 70 f4 ea 49 38 28 7c 201a 57 a5 10 fa 7b 65 b9 32 5 d9 e4 fc 2022 5d

my question , when I first opened this topic , was if is it possible , when to look  at the above concatenated huge hex numbers , to know that it is indeed a series of little hex numbers separated by a white space . I mean is it possible to know that this :

2c65751cfbb60ffc849486c432021f613534a1357b26201eea40352588da81c192abde2013ea8f49b21528121ff49ef3cdb7d482020c120ac2838beafed2c62dcecda7e2cedfb70f4ea4938287c201a57a510fa7b65b9325d9e4fc20225d

was like this :

2c6 57 51 cf bb 60 ff c8 49 48 6c 43 2021 f6 13 53 4a 13 5 7b 26 201e ea 40 35 2 58 8d a8 1c 192 ab de 2013 ea 8f 49 b2 152 81 21 ff 49 ef 3c db 7d 48 2020 c1 20ac 28 38 be af ed 2c6 2dc ec da 7e 2c ed fb 70 f4 ea 49 38 28 7c 201a 57 a5 10 fa 7b 65 b9 32 5 d9 e4 fc 2022 5d

if yes how ? or through which method ?

I am sorry , I did not express my question clearly  . Now  I hope it is clear

Thank you for correcting me .

This is a ciphertext :

§ƒÜì ©©”Ѫÿƒ_G¢4Ø{i§çÞ“./

when I put this ciphertext here in this site :

http://www.charactercountonline.com/

 some others 4 weird characters were shown : one character after the / and two characters between the ì and the © and one character between ¢ and 4

what are those characters ?

do they belong to the ciphertext ? will they be decrypted with the other characters ?  or they do not belong to the ciphertext and can be ignored and deleted ?

Quote

It doesn't matter.  If you convert that to binary, which is all hex really is, then it's going to be the same series of 0s and 1s regardless of whether or how you group them (as long as you pad each hex digit to 4 bits).

but this gives another totally different result from what you wrote me :

console.log ( parseInt("2c65751cfbb60ffc849486c432021f613534a1357b26201eea40352588da81c192abde2013ea8f49b21528121ff49ef3cdb7d482020c120ac2838beafed2c62dcecda7e2cedfb70f4ea4938287c201a57a510fa7b65b9325d9e4fc20225d", 16));

the result is :

4.1083149506901134e+225

So JavaScript interpreter considered the above as a whole huge hexadecimal number and not as different series of small hex numbers that are concatenated together. So JavaScript interpreter did not  interpret each small hex number singly  . So I am confused now

I think these are extended ASCII characters . Extended ASCII characters are Unicode characters too . I do not think it is a multi byte format character

Unfortunately , you did not answer my second question :

2) do they belong to the decrypted message ? I mean is this the decrypted message =(.I..... LdLi.dOp.kn.z].O.hGv...j..X..`z.5...._.....ED   or  this    =(ILdLidOpknz]OhGvjX`z5_ED  ?

this is a series of concatenated hex numbers :

2c65751cfbb60ffc849486c432021f613534a1357b26201eea40352588da81c192abde2013ea8f49b21528121ff49ef3cdb7d482020c120ac2838beafed2c62dcecda7e2cedfb70f4ea4938287c201a57a510fa7b65b9325d9e4fc20225d

but how to know what is the first hex number and the second and the third ...  ? For example is the first hex number 2c or 2c6 or 2c65 ? and therefore is the second 65 or 57 or 75 ...?

I decrypted a message by using a software and got a mixture of Unicode characters . This is , indeed , what I got :

3d 28 9b 49 e1 e4 99 8f a5 20 4c 64 4c 69 98 64   =(.I..... LdLi.d
4f 70 99 6b 6e b9 7a 5d cf 4f 02 68 47 76 0a 89    Op.kn.z].O.hGv..
02 6a c8 90 58 0d 02 60 7a 05 35 ef 19 1d d6 5f   .j..X..`z.5...._
e4 a1 da 97 85 45 44                                                   .....ED  

I have two questions :

1) what are these little periods on the right side ?

2) do they belong to the decrypted message ? I mean is this the decrypted message =(.I..... LdLi.dOp.kn.z].O.hGv...j..X..`z.5...._.....ED   or  this    =(ILdLidOpknz]OhGvjX`z5_ED  ?

var x = " hello w3schools how are you this is the site url http://w3schools.invisionzone.com"

var y = x.replace (<\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,}\b>/g , '&lt;$1$2&gt;$3&lt;/$1&gt;')

could you please tell what do these symbols mean &lt;$1$2&gt;$3&lt;/$1&gt;   ?

ok thank you 

Quote

There are several descriptions of attacks against RC4 that you may be able to use depending on how the original keystream was generated.

 there are of course  but I could not find methods , concerning RC4 , that can help me recover the password used in RC4 encryption supposing that the password is an English word of 6 letters . Could you describe some because I could not find concrete ones .

Quote

It sounds like you want to brute force it

do you know  a software or a tool that can be used to  brute force this 6 letters password  ? I looked for hours in the internet but I could not find a tool .

This is about RC4 encryption .

It is well known that in RC4 encryption , the keystream  is xored with the plaintext to give the ciphertext . It is well known too that , in order to generate the keystream , which is  needed in the process of encryption as i mentioned  ,  a user defined password is used . That is to say a password is needed to generate the keystream . So my question is this :

If we , ONLY , know the ciphertext and know that the PASSWORD used to generate the keystream - and therefore that ciphertext - is an ENGLISH WORD  composed of 6 characters  . Is it possible , based only on these two piece of information ,  to get this English word or this password . If yes . HOW?

thank you very much

var ar2 = ar1.map(func);

var ar2 = [];
for (var i = 0; i < ar1.length; i++) {
  ar2[i] = func(ar1[i], i);
}

according to the above , and if we take this in consideration :

var array1 = [1,2,3,4];
var array2 = [5,6,7,8];

var sum = array1.map(function (num, idx) {
  return num + array2[idx];
}); //

I understand that the map function creates an empty array . as mentioned in this page https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_map.asp

then loop through every element in the array1 and add it to the first index element of the array2 until  all elements of arrays one and two are added   then each time assigns the  result to the new created array .

Is it so or I am wrong ?

 I a  script in this page :

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24094466/javascript-sum-two-arrays-in-single-iteration

this is the script :

var array1 = [1,2,3,4];
var array2 = [5,6,7,8];

var sum = array1.map(function (num, idx) {
  return num + array2[idx];
});

the above script adds elements of two arrays . However , I did not understand it .  I read about the map() function here :

https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_map.asp

Still I did not understand what it means by

Quote

The map() method creates a new array with the results of calling a function for every array element.

When I changed the num and idx with other values like for example numb and rx  , it says :

Quote

idx is not defined

Quote

num is not defined

but in this page https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_map.asp

num and idx are not mentioned as necessary parameters for the function I thought these parameters are normal like any other function parameters and therefore they can be named anything .

I do not understand what script does in the last two lines .

one last thing when I changed the PLUS value to XOR value , I got an incomplete result :
 

var array1 = [1,2,3,4];
var array2 = [5,6,7,8];

var sum = array1.map(function (num , idx ) {
  console.log(num ^ array2[idx]);
  return num ^ array2[idx];
 
});

I got 4 12 as a result instead of 4  4 4 12  why ?

Nevermind , it can be done using  photoshop cc 2018 and very easily . Although , it took me hours to find that "very easily"

Quote

How exactly is that different than changing the color of the pixel?

the hex code of the color  is more precise than the color . For example , #0000F0 ,  #0000F3  ,  #0000F1 each of them is an approximate variation of blue but they are totally  different from each other . what should I do if I need to change the pixel color to  #0000F0 and not to #0000F1 ? although  there is a tiny difference between them ,  in some situation , I need this tiny difference . So I really need to change the color ' s hex code of the pixel and I need to do it  pixel by pixel as each pixel will have a different hex  code . Is it possible to do it  using gimp ? if not is  there a tool or a software or a method  to do it ?

Neither  want   to change the color of the entire photo nor the color of a single pixel . What I want is to change the hex number that represents the color of  the desired  pixel  . Is it possible to do it with gimp ? if yes how ?  if not is there another method or another software  that can be used to fulfill that aim ?

I have gimp  version  2.10.2  and tried to change the hex code' color of a pixel in a photo  but I could not . I made many researches in google but unfortunately they were of no help to me . Instead , they made me more confused . What I tried is the following :

opened the photo in gimp

right click on the pixel I want to change

then clicked at windows--->dockable dialogs--->colors

I found the hex  value of the color of the pixel  and changed it  to my desirable value . However , I could not and did not know how to save the change . Other then that , I tried to play with some options of gimp but I did not know how to change the pixel hex color and save the change . I need help

best regards

Thank you

Hello everybody ,

I have two questions :

1) what does an exclamation mark between two angle brackets mean    <!>     ?

2) what does a word between two of the above symbol mean .   For example what does     <!>house<!>  mean   ?

best regards

wonderful , thank you very much

Hello

I put this question in general section as it has something to do  with math :

x modulo 20 = 33 . How to get  the value of x  ?  any help  would be appreciated

thank you very much